Recognizing Contract Risk and Opportunities Business Plan

A contract is a promise for breach of which the law gives a remedy, or the performance of which the law in a way recognizes as a duty. Usually, a contract is signed only after the parties agree and understand the terms and conditions governing the contact. Some parties tend to encounter contract issues down the line because he/she did not proof read or ask questions. Negotiating contracts give each party the opportunity to make changes and give input before anything is made final. According to the agreement, the following legal issues must be adhered to: Neither of the parties can cancel the agreement in whole or part subsequent to more than 50% of the consideration having been tendered by the other. This particular clause is a barrier to the cancellation of the contact by CS since the contract has already proceeded for eight months, which is beyond the fifty percent mark. Internal Escalation procedure for addressing disputes. This states that prior to filling any formal proceedings pertaining to disputes shall call for progressive management involvement in the dispute negotiation by a written notice to the other party and this throws CS into confusion since nothing of such a procedure occurred and it unilaterally indicated rescission thereby leading to a violation of the progressive management involvement in the dispute negotiation. Intellectual property rights on the payment of all sums due to span as per the agreement bars CS from demanding delivery of all since some of the deliveries have not been paid for. Requirements change; in the event that CS require a change to the user and systems requirements originally agreed to, it will notify spam as soon as possible during the regular business hours and pay span any accruals at an agreed rate: there have been against the ordinary changes to unusual growth in requirements agreed to in the contract. Communications and reporting: during the project, there was to be regular schedules of status meetings between the project managers which failed because of a change in project management at CS. Several problems arose in this contract, first, the issue that Spans deliverables had been behind schedule and that the quality of those deliverables has been faulty in the user test phase of the project. CS also had some issues with performance as a result of a change in the project management staff of CS. These underlying issues are at the heart of the performance argument which seem to be totally linked to schedule and quality of products.  Ã‚   The issue at hand was that the original contract was written with no clear and concise wording as to an approach to project completion or specialty clauses. MEMO Topic:   Risks and opportunities Recognizing contract risks and opportunity can be a tedious task for everyone involved in the specific contract. Citizen-Schwarz (C-S) contracted Span to develop a banking software system. C-S and Span have entered into a $6 million one year agreement that is not working for either one of them. The dispute is that Spans deliverables have been behind schedule during the last eight months. Span also admits that the quality might have declined based on the pressing need to meet deadlines. The contract is worth six million with the opportunity to secure the contract to build a bigger program for Citizen-Schwarz AG.  Ã‚   When the contract reached the eight million mark, Citizen-Schwarz became dissatisfied with Span Systems performance and delivery and asked for rescission from the contract.  Ã‚   Both sides started identifying their needs and risks and negotiations were begun with each side working toward contractual agreements. Span Systems Needs and Risks The primary risks in this contract between Schwartz and Span System was the ambiguity of the language used in the contract.  Ã‚   The definition of the scope of the project was not clear nor was the responsibility of each party clearly defined.  Ã‚   User and System requirements were also not established. The potential cost and timeliness, therefore, loomed as a point of dispute as the project progressed.  Ã‚   It is important to look at each point of contentment. In summary, the following needs and risks can be identified on the side of Span: Maintain a good working relationship with the client; Citizen-Schwarz Develop a and delivering a dependable and reliable software product They also risk being questioned by client regarding performance on deliverables which in turn affects quality and the software’s time schedules. Turn Around time on the approval and review times at Citizen-Schwarz AG. On the one hand, Span has several opportunities including the fact that, despite the delay and the quality, CS can not stop the contract and so it has to receive all payment due to it since over 50% delivery is already made. Another is the fact that no case can be filed against it without its prior consent and negotiation with a written notice. Citizen-Schwarz AG Risks Span Systems deliverables are behind schedule The quality of the already delivered code is substandard Citizen-Schwarz also has a deadline within which to release the new software. Demanding immediate transfer of all unfinished code and asserted rescission is not possible instead it risk making payment even for the undelivered. Need to address schedule slips and quality issues They also risk agreeing that scope of project has changed and does not recognize any breaching of contract. So both parties agreed that the five areas below needed revisions; performance, change control, dispute resolution, project structure and communications reporting. To overcome the above risks, the managers to be responsible will act independently to minimize the following problems. The managers of CS would minimize the periods of recruiting new project mangers until the period for the completion of the project so as to enable the organization of the meetings to discuss progress and limit frequent training. They also have to constantly and thoroughly review every contract before accepting to append their signatures in future. They will also have to constantly verify the quantity and quality of the deliverables so that they do not have to wait for the last minute rush. References Deborah, E. (2009). Business organisations for paralegals. Califonia: Aspen. Harry, G. (1970). Handbook of the law of corporation and other business enterprises. Califonia: West Pub. Rodger, L. (2009). Fundermentals for business law. Chicago: Cengage.

Comparison Of John F Kennedy Inaugural Address - 999 Words

The Inauguration of President John F. Kennedy and the Farewell Address to the Nation by President Ronald Reagan share similar tones when addressing the American people. As one President enters the white house and the other leaves, both men share their admiration, strength, and compassion that the American people share when working together. The Farewell Address and the Inauguration were two of the most memorable speeches of all time. It is as though both men were speaking to the public as if they personally knew everyone in America. President John F. Kennedys Inaugural Address occurred on January 20, 1961 in Washington D.C. His main goal in the speech was to unify the entire human race and to make the world a better place. The President†¦show more content†¦President Kennedy was a great speaker but President Reagan earned the title, â€Å"The Great Communicator.† President Reagan gave his Farewell Address on January 11,1989 in the Oval Office of the White House. He states, â€Å"Its been quite a journey this decade, and we held together through some stormy seas. And at the end, together, we are reaching our destination.† The destination Reagan is referring to would be the America that he impacted. He states there are two great triumphs that fueled his presidency: the economic recovery that created 19 million new jobs, and the recovery of morale. He believed that America was looked at with respect and leadership. The speech discussed Regan’s agenda on presenting America as a powerful nation to all enemies, nations, and allies to help solve issues diplomatically. The president makes reference to a nickname he acquired while in office, â€Å"The Great Communicator.† Reagan says, â€Å"I won a nickname, ‘The Great Communicator.’ But I never thought it was my style or the words I used that made a difference: it was the content.† In his speech Regan talks to America like he knows them, personally. There was no political jargon used but instead simplicity and endearing statements. The Inaugural Address and the Farewell Address made Americans feel apart of the political process.Show MoreRelatedThe Rhetorical Analysis Of John F. Kennedy839 Words   |  4 Pages On January 20, 1961, John Fitzgerald Kennedy became the youngest man to possess presidency in the United States of America. As a young, wealthy man Kennedy rapidly climbed the political ladder by initially representing a working class Boston district in the United States Congress, then continuing on to the House of Representatives, followed by the United States Senate, and ending with the victorious defeat of his presidential opponent, to become the 35th president of the United States. AccordingRead More Rhetorical Analysis of JFKs Inauguration Speech Essay927 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Fitzgerald Kennedy delivered one of the most important American speeches after being sworn in as president on January 20, 1961. His inauguration speech was so influential that it seized the nation’s attention, and quotes from it are still clearly remembered by people today. It is considered one of the best speeches ever written and ever delivered. It presents a strong appeal to pathos, ethos, a nd logos and accomplishes what any speaker strives for – it speaks straight to the heart of the audienceRead MoreThe Inaugural Address of John Kennedy534 Words   |  2 PagesJohn Kennedy was one of the most skillful orators among all the presidents of United States of America. His speeches were always persuasive, motivating and inspiring. One of his best speeches is â€Å"Inaugural Address†, which he addressed to Vice President Johnson, Mr. Speaker, Mr. Chief Justice, President Eisenhower, Vice president Nixon, President Truman, Reverend Clergy, and, of course, his fellow citizens. His speech was divided into four major parts, and all the parts were highly inspiring, especiallyRead MoreEssay on Rhetorical Devices in JFKs Inaugural Speech680 Words   |  3 Pagesto be read to an audience. In the Inauguration Speech of 1961 given by President John F. Kennedy, he was able to really connect with his audience that day by using lots of different rhetorical devices. By u sing chiasmus, anaphoras, and metaphors, JFK was able to effectively reach and persuade people to have faith in him despite his age and religion. Perhaps the most important line of JFKs entire inaugural address was a utilization of chiasmus, which is a figure of speech by which the order ofRead MoreA Revolutionary Vote For A New Generation1045 Words   |  5 Pagesevery presidency is an inaugural address that lies out what the candidate plans to do during his term. These are sometimes once in a lifetime moments that no one should miss. On January 20, 1961, President John F. Kennedy gave his inspirational and uplifting address that outlined his plans as President in a way that would rally the young American population behind him because of his use of rhetorical appeals and strategies of argumentation. It is clear from the speech, that Kennedy plans on uniting theRead MoreJohn F. Kennedy s President Of The United States1171 Words   |  5 Pagesare people whose similarities never cease to amaze us. The resemblance is so strong that one wonders if he has never been a relationship between those two people in a previous life. In this case it is the former president of the United Sates John F. Kennedy, one of the most legendary president of the United States. He is listed as the youngest elected president and die at the heart of its mandate to the presidency of the United States, killed two years after entering the White House. Today it remainsRead MoreEssay on Young Candidates Find Success In Presidential Elections2339 Words   |  10 Pagesthe intensity of these elections, but the common factor has been the candidates involved. John F. Kennedy and Barack Obama entered the presidential arena in a whirlwind of controversy and anticipation of citizens. The success of both John F. Kennedy and Barack Obama stem from their similar qualities, the state the nation during the election period, and their utilization of framing tactics. John F. Kennedy and Barack Obama have many similar qualities that were beneficial to their presidential campaignRead MoreThe American Government is Retracting its Social Contract Essay4249 Words   |  17 Pagesby addressing Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s New Deal Policy because that was when social welfare programs became necessary for basic human survival. I then use John F. Kennedy’s inaugural address to note when volunteerism historically gained popularity. In addition, I analyze the Peace Corps, a federally-sponsored program that Kennedy created, by proving that presidents use volunteering as ulterior motives to gain political clout. Next, I show how Ronald Reagan transferred social welfareRead MoreTo What Extent Did The Cuban Revolution In 1959 Mark A Turning Point Essay5328 Words   |  22 Pagesaccessed 31st July.] [9: Ibid.] [10: https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951002963089d;view=1up;seq=3, accessed 31st July 2018.] [11: http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/bayofpigs/chron.html, accessed 31st July 2018.] Presidency of John F. Kennedy: The only time Kennedy was really negatively involved with Latin America was with the Cuban Missile Crisis. Despite his Presidency only lasting two years, Kennedy’s administration saw the most hostile years between Cuba and America. The Cold War was veryRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  860 PagesEDITION - PROJECT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDIES, SECOND EDITION HAROLD KERZNER, Ph.D. Division of Business Administration Baldwin-Wallace College Berea, Ohio John Wiley Sons, Inc. This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ Copyright O 2006 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any

Analysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men - 849 Words

â€Å"Wha’s the matter with me?’ she cried. ‘Ain’t I got a right to talk to nobody? Whatta they think I am, anyways?† (Steinbeck 87) In the novella Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck, Curley’s wife is discriminated against because she is a woman living in the 1930s when few females could live economically independent of men. By choosing not to name her, Steinbeck reinforces her insignificance on the ranch and her dependence on Curley. While a misfortunate victim of isolation, Curley’s wife exerts unexpected power attempting to mask her pain. While Crooks, a victim of racial prejudice, expresses his isolation openly, he also socializes with the other workers on the job and while playing horseshoes with them. Curley’s wife, on the other hand, cannot talk to anyone without suffering the consequences of a jealous husband: â€Å"I get lonely,’ she said. â€Å"You can talk to people, but I can’t talk to nobody but Curley . Else he gets mad. How’d you like not to talk to anybody?† (87) More specifically, Curley’s wife is experiencing homesickness for the first time, because not only did she leave home at an early age to marry Curley, a man whom she does not even like. In fact, she only married him to spite her mother. Not only is Curley hostile and disrespectful towards his wife, he also is controlling. Knowing of Curley’s jealously, the other men fear Curley’s wife and the consequences of taking to her: â€Å"Listen, N****,’ she said . â€Å"You know what I can do to you if you open your trap?† (80)Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 2778 Words   |  12 PagesLiterature 15 October 2014 Author Study: John Steinbeck John Steinbeck, born in February 27, 1902, worked as a manual labor worker before achieving his success as a well renowned American writer. A compassionate understanding of the world s disinherited was to be Steinbeck s hallmark. The novel In Dubious Battle (1936) defends striking migrant agricultural workers in the California fields. In the novel Of Mice and Men(1937; later made into a play), Steinbeck again utilizes the hardships of migrantRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1406 Words   |  6 PagesRhetorical Analysis Essay John Steinbeck, writer of the novel, Of Mice and Men, uses many different rhetorical devices and appeals to unravel the essence and truth of the American Dream, while revolving around the world of these characters, George and Lennie. Written during the great depression, the novel itself shares the lives of many different people during that time period. It explored how everyone was treated through that time due to skin color, disabilities, and gender. Life during thisRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1199 Words   |  5 Pages Alaura Lopez Period 4 December 18, 2014 Mrs. George Of Mice and Men Final Paper John Steinbeck’s book Of Mice and Men presents the story of two men trying and struggling to find the â€Å"American Dream†. In southern Salinas, California during the 1930’s the main characters Lennie, a giant man with a childlike aura and George, the opposite of Lennie, a small man with strong features are displaced migrant ranch workers, that travel from town to town together in hunt of new work opportunitiesRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 926 Words   |  4 Pages In the literary work Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck,the reader is introduced into the depression era where this takes place.This set takes place in the Depression era where everybody is out of a job , the bank crashes , the Stock market crashes. Every man is struggling, trying to find work. Steinbeck teaches the reader about the struggle of working hard for their dreams, having hope, and never giving up. A prime example of this is George, who tells his dream and creates dreams for other peopleRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men839 Words   |  4 Pages Joe Cetrone Response to setting Of Mice and Men Along with the market crash of 1929, the United States underwent an economic calamity. Millions out of work, families destroyed and dreams crushed. Not only this, a solution to this disaster was nowhere in sight. Human existence was in question. And inevitably, the American Dream. With so many out of work, how would it have been possible for people to protect and serve their families? There was not enough money to go around, making it near impossibleRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1367 Words   |  6 Pagesworth. Living life with whom a person loves greatly increases happiness and trust between those in the relationship. But this unity may come at a cost; true friendship requires sacrifice. Friendship and loyalty in the novella, Of Mice and Men, by expression through John Steinbeck’s interpretation, brings greater understanding to their importance of each. Loyalty, protecting and standing by someone who a person respects or loves, as Lennie and George illustrate. Loyalty does involve a treacherousRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1020 Words   |  5 PagesWeak Do opposites really attract? Can two people, with no similarities, share a close bond? It proves to be so in the novel Of Mice and Men , written by John Steinbeck. A novel which tells the story of two men, George and Lennie, and their journey of a new job working on a ranch. A novel with a different but interesting style of writing. A novel where John Steinbeck utilizes how powerful George is over Lennie, to signify how people believe they are dominant over others, because of their greaterRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men Essay1320 Words   |  6 Pagestowards women have been a problem in society since men foolishly decided to give women the stereotype of being housewives and only good for breeding children. Those who refuse to follow the stereotype are considered promiscuous, or unfaithful towards their significant other. This stereotype was highly expected of women during the early twentieth century, and was also exhibited in John Steinbeck’s Of Mice an d Men towards Curley’s wife. Of Mice and Men took place in the 1930s, and the plot follows twoRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1564 Words   |  7 PagesThe Life of John Steinbeck By: Alex Moses Mrs. Seymour 11/20/14 Dear Reader, I chose to research John Steinbeck for the Mulitgenre Research Project. I chose this American author because he has written many old timey American classics that signify the growth of the Untied States, which is exemplified in his novel, â€Å"Of Mice and Men†. This author is important to American literature because â€Å" Ideas are like rabbits. You get a couple and learn how to handle them, andRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 1453 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novella Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck portrays the characters as pathetic victims of society, each of them pathetic in their own ways. Yet all of them are lonely, in need of companionship, in need of a relationship and in desperate need to make their dreams come true. Specifically, Steinbeck uses the two main protagonists George and Lennie to convey the theme of the American dream. At the beginning the two men get a job working on a farm together after fleeing from their last jobs at a

Rhetorical analysis “The Hardest of the Hardcore” Free Essays

It is believed that the United States allocates approximately 316 billion dollars a year on these groups. Distant from securing companies, they also provide security for the police, and government officials. Most of them are ex-special forces, and veterans. We will write a custom essay sample on Rhetorical analysis â€Å"The Hardest of the Hardcore† or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some are ex-cons. Some people refer to them as mercenaries, and some people call them builders. Others would describe the mission as training other soldiers. They are used all around the world, providing different services in support of the United States Military. What is their role? Student, Dylan Fujitani in his research policy argument, â€Å"The hardest of the hardcore† writes an article suggesting the removal of private contractors from the Middle East. It suggests that there is a common misconception that people are confused between the difference of civilian contractors, mercenaries, people in the military, and that civilian contractors should not adopt a military role. He adopts a serious tone in order to clutch the attention of his audience. There are a lot of misconceptions to what some may believe the key objectives of the support staff/private contractors/ mercenaries are in the Middle East, and Congress must swiftly act to level the playing field between US military personnel and private security contractors. Most of the writer’s points in the essay seem relevant, and consistent with my past experiences in dealing with private contractors. I agree that there is a common misconception about the role of the private contractor/mercenary. Historically, the mercenary is a soldier for hire, however, the private contractor also has different dignitary support roles. Fujitani successfully uses pathos in his essay to persuade his audience particularly when he suggests that the use of mercenaries circumvents public, and congressional scrutiny of some aspects of war (Fujitani 374). The writer’s purpose here is trying to persuade people, by giving an emotional appeal that civilian contractors (who have questionable prior backgrounds) are armed, are given essentially given legal immunity. Another example of Fujitani using pathos is when he said that placing more contractors in the theater of war is a good way to keep US troops numbers down, but politically it’s more expensive. Here he is suggesting that the United States is trying to mask the severity of war. Even though he provided examples from both sides of the case, he’s extremely ineffective in this area because it seems he was not concerned with presenting the counterargument fair-mindedly. Although the writer uses pathos in this particular section part of his essay, most of this paper is logos heavy. These styles of comparison help the writer convey to his audience a sense of importance by using the language that is quite familiar to the military. He indeed uses language that was easy for military, and nonmilitary personnel to understand. The writer seems very prejudiced, however, uses citations to support his opinion. I agree with the writer on the information that was presented, and how he was able to break down the concepts. I understand what he proposes when he references the role of civilian mercenaries. The writer was able to convince readers that his opinion was truly legit using ethos by referencing several published articles from credible sources. The reference New York Times article also gives good examples to support his reasoning. In contrast to what the writer believes, I believe that there is a position that supports the private contracting business overseas. The writer clearly overlooks some important points that should be noted on the contrary. In my experience, I believe civilian contractors provide essential support services to the United States military. It is imperative that the military should not waste valuable resources, and manpower on support positions. To the contrary of what most people think, war is not always shooting at people, capturing prisoners, and kicking down doors 24 hours a day. A lot of essential jobs are in support. The use of private contractors help with convoys, logistics, and food services help free up essential manpower for the military to concentrate on high mission profile assignments. In conclusion, the writer’s essay was ineffective because I believe that his essay appeals to one type of audience. The writer seems to not have any knowledge of how wartime operations are drawn out and conducted. Although not perfect, I believe that the use of private contractors are essential and should not be completely weeded out the process. On the contrary, he was effective because I think he used mostly logos to appeal to his audience. He references essentially six principles on why private contractors/mercenaries should be extremely downscaled. He starts off by reference in how mercenaries disguised the true cost of war. Here he explains how civilian contractors actually disguise the number of deployed troops. He goes on and references how civilian contractors have no loyalties, and ultimately answer only to their employers and not the military. He again uses logos by citing a report on how mercenaries assigned in Saudi Arabia left their post indefinitely, because they were not comfortable. Fujanti then moves to tie the two points together making a clear contrast on how the US military, and civilian mercenaries are accountable to the Geneva Convention. He describes how civilian mercenaries have no accountability to the law to whereas the US military does. The mercenaries are considered â€Å"noncombatants† and therefore it is difficult for them to fall within the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ). The writer closes his argument by expressing how private contractors frequently hire employees with questionable backgrounds. He appeals to his audience by citing an article from the New York Times how 1500 S. African mercenaries are now in the Iraqi area. He expresses that many of the people that are participating admitted to being former apartheid mercenaries. Fujanti is clearly frustrated knowing that these kinds of practices are frequently carried, nothings done about it, and moves to propose his solution by conveying that the problems that were discussed earlier needs to be addressed by Congress swiftly, and immediately to protect the legitimate uses of war from market forces, lawlessness, and the abuse of power. How to cite Rhetorical analysis â€Å"The Hardest of the Hardcore†, Papers

Childbirth and Midwife free essay sample

Midwives are autonomous professionals who are responsible for delivering high quality and holistic care for women during the antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal period’s . This involves working in close partnership with women to enable the provision of all necessary support, care and guidance (ICM, 2011). The midwife also has the important task of providing woman -centred care whilst always striving to promote normal birth (midwifery 20 20). The royal college of midwives (RCM, 2010a) describes normal childbirth as one where a woman begins, continues and completes labour physiologically at term without intervention. However it must be recognised that normality is a hazy subject in health care and there are many different theories making it difficult to define. This essay will discuss the role of the midwife in the provision of normal midwifery care during the intrapartum period, specifically in relation to up-right positioning and mobility during labour and birth. It will analyse the essential skills a midwife must acquire to allow the provision of normal midwifery care, the main components include; becoming an advocate for the woman, empowering the woman to make informed choices by providing evidence based information and the importance of continuous support and effective communication. The importance of mobility will also be examined and the role of the midwife in enabling mothers achieve effective mobility during labour will be discussed. There are also numerous different positions that women can adopt during the intrapartum period , there are various advantages for different positions therefore the role of the midwife in helping mother’s to accomplish these positions will also be considered. An imperative role that midwife must adopt in the promotion of mobility during labour and birth, is the role of an educator (Dunkley, Bent, 2012 Mayes book ref). It is important that the woman has been provided with all of the relevant information regarding mobility and positioning. Antenatal classes can be very beneficial and discuss labour in great detail. However not every woman will attend these classes and it is therefore the role of the attending). midwife to educate the woman of the benefits and ensure that the woman understands all of the information, enabling her to make an informed decision. Any information must derive from evidence based practice as stipulated by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC, 2011 In order for a midwife to be able to inform her practice it is essential that she keeps up to date with the latest research, guidance, policy changes and statutory training. This is why midwives are described as lifelong learners (Mayes PG 47). The (RCM, 2005) emphasises the importance of a midwife’s knowlegde of anatomy in the understanding of how adapting different positions in labour can aid the physiological processes. One of the benefits that the mother should be made aware of is that remaining mobile during labour can aid the descent of the fetus (Midirs, 2008). Despite more women being educated on the benefits of mobility and positioning, the majority of women in the United Kingdom continue to labour and give birth lying down on a bed. A survey carried out by the (RCM, 2010b) concluded that a massive sixty three per cent of the women surveyed gave birth in a recumbent position. It is ultimately the mother’s decision to decide what position she may want to adapt during labour and birth however the midwife has a duty of care to ensure that she possess the adequate knowledge to make an informed choice (NMC, 2011). It is important that the midwife develops a quick rapport with a woman in her care if the woman is to actively listen and take in any information that is being offered. According to (Midirs, 2006) a qualitative study in the Netherlands concluded that the dominating factor in influencing the women’s choice of birthing positions was the advice she had been given by her midwife. A Cochrane review carried out by(Hodnett et al 2011) also mirrors these findings and suggests that the length of time in labour may even be reduced and there may also be fewer interventions if a supportive care giver (the midwife in this case) is present. To be able to build an effective and trusting relationship, one to one care is essential, furthermore the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (Nice, 2007) guidelines state that all women should be provided with one to one care while in labour. This care should ideally take place in a warm and welcoming environment The birthing environment plays an integral role in the provision of women-centred care. It is therefore the responsibility of the midwife to ensure the environment is safe, hazard free and suitable for mobilisation in the aim to provide normal midwifery care (Midwifery matters, 2010 ref 5). In the hospital setting, the bed tends to be the central feature in the delivery room , the midwife should consider moving the bed to the side prior to the woman’s arrival and maybe provide a comfortable chair( The Practising Midwife, 2003 REF 9). The (RCM, 2010a) campaign for normal birth also recommends the use of low lighting, removing any unnecessary equipment and minimising interruptions. Midwives should also be sensitive to the importance of respecting a woman’s privacy and helping to maintain her dignity at all times. Suggests that women are encouraged to adjust the environment to meet their own individual needs during labour and delivery, this helps to empower women and give them a sense of self-control. The midwife is obliged to facilitate the woman’s needs to the best of her ability and could maybe suggest bringing in some aids such as bean bags or a birthing ball that can enhance a woman’s comfort while also promoting mobility and upright positioning ( The Practising Midwife, 2003 REF 9). Mobility is especially important in early stages of labour as this can aid the descent of the fetus through the pelvis (British Journal of Midwifery, 2010 REF 18). The first stage of labour, in particular the Latent phase can be a particularly confusing and worrying time for women as they often believe themselves to be in established labour. How the woman’s care is managed at this stage is vitally important and can have implications for the remainder of the birthing experience. The midwife has a huge part to play in supporting the mother through this stage by listening to her, remaining positive and providing constant reassurance (RMC, 2010a). A recent Cochrane review found that offering continuous support to a woman during labour can reduce the use of pharmacological analgesia, shorten labour, and increase the likelihood of a natural birth while enhancing the woman’s birthing experience (Hodnett et al, 2011). Supporting a woman in labour can be both mentally and physically demanding for a midwife, therefore involving the birthing partner can be beneficial to both the midwife and the woman and can improve the overall quality of care (TB page 10). During this early stage the midwife should encourage the woman to be as mobile as possible and maybe suggest that she walks up and down stairs as this can maximise the pelvic outlet allowing the fetus to descend into the birth canal. A Cochrane review from (Lawrence et al, 2009) found that remaining mobile and adopting upright position can shorten the first stage of labour by about one hour. It is also well recognised that adapting up-right positions during labour and birth have many other advantages for both woman and fetus. The fetus is more inclined to have a better alignment and contractions tend to be more effective help to reduce the risk of; episiotomy, assisted delivery, fetal distress and less severe pain (Gupta and Hoffney, 2006). Women who choose to labour in an up-right position also have a reduced risk of aorto-caval compression , which is when the aorta is constricted and can cause hypotension and loss of consciousness in the Woman (Midirs, 2008 final report). However a review carried out by (Lawrence et al, 2009) implied that there is a link between upright positions and increased blood loss, but a reason for this could be the fact that the woman is in an upright position could the loss more obvious. However research suggests that Giving birth in a recumbent or flat position can have the potential to be more harmful to the fetus and carries a higher risk of an instrumental delivery or a caesarean section (RCM 2010b). It is the role of the midwife to ensure that the woman is aware of all of the evidence on both the benefits and potential risks of labouring and giving birth in an up-right position. She must also confirm the woman’s understanding of the information given.

Influence of Team

Goal accomplishment can be regarded as a primary objective of any team in an organization that works on a specific task. Most of organizations resort to team-based pay structure to encourage employees work harder because their salaries depend largely on the success of the goals accomplished. The point is that all members of the team receive similar incentive pay with no reward assigned to individual members for their greater contributions (Heneman, 2008).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Team-Based Pay Structures on Team Members’ Performance and Motivation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, team-based pay is often criticized by both employees and their organizations for many reasons. To begin with, the given program can alleviate the spirit of competition, as well as discourage employees to work efficiently for reaching the company’s objectives. As a result, the competition insi de the organization can be lost and the productivity level will also be reduced significantly (Heneman, 2008). Social pressure and incentives for improvement will also be dismissed because each employee will impose some responsibilities on others because he/she will have to achieve similar goals (Heneman, 2008). Incentives for improvement will also be lost because of the absence of proper reward systems for individuals. In this respect, specific guiding principles should be implementing to strike the balance between the given pay system and the corrections to be introduced. In order to restore the spirit of competition, Gross’ certain guiding principles should be used for instituting pay and reward structures. This is of particular concern to the second guiding principles, which runs â€Å"Balance the mix of individual and team-based pay† (Thompson, 2011, p. 54). In particular, there should be a reasonable balance between group and individuals incentives to arrange a c ompetitive environment and provide a basis for further inspirational and motivated work. For instance, there should a bonus scheme for employees to feel that their work is appreciated and there is always an opportunities for personal self-improvement and determination. For instance, organization should implement additional bonuses for group members, along with group rewards. More importantly, there should two groups working under competition to encourage group goals accomplishment. The third methods postulates, â€Å"Consult with the team members who will be affected† and it should be introduced to provide a decision-sharing atmosphere in a team (Thompson, 2011, p. 55). In addition, managers should inform the team members about the actual process of project fulfillment so as they have an exact idea of how the pay structure is organized. Finally, principle 8, which reveals â€Å"Determine how target levels of performance are established and updated†, is also indispensib le to guaranteeing a high level of performance (Thompson, 2011, p. 57). In this respect, managers should define the correlation between goals accomplishment and its influence on team performance.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More American teams are extremely task-oriented. However, their focus on task fulfillment does not always lead to successful project accomplishment. In order to achieve the highest results, team members should examine opposing ideas in a cooperative context to increase the team effectiveness and quality of problem solving and decision making (West, 2012). In the majority of cases, task orientation does not contribute to adequate distribution of roles and positions. In this respect, failure to allocate resources and responsibilities can prevent from the goal accomplishment. Hence, West (2012) argues, â€Å"team members should attempt to influence their col leagues towards a solution based on shared, rational understanding rather than attempted dominance† (p. 143). Task-orientation often prevents team members from establishing active decision sharing and open-mind way of expressing ideas. As a result, introvert orientation does not always contribute to high level of performance and effective teamwork. Following the idea presented in Thompson (2011), that â€Å"team performance should focus on collective performance† (p.70), we can state that this â€Å"collective performance† leads to development of the adequate knowledge among the team members, which, in its turn, helps them develop the necessary skills and abilities. The adequate knowledge, skills and abilities are one of the most essential conditions that contribute to productive performance and successful cooperation. Knowledge-based performance of the team creates more collaborative work and mutual understanding among the group members. It makes the group more productive and motivated. As a result, such a collaborative environment ensures that each member of the team is able to support or substitute another one provided one of them is not able to perform his/her responsibilities. Interaction and active participation on goals accomplishment should not depend on the analysis of task performance. With regard to the above-highlighted problems and conditions, specific solutions should be implemented. In order to eliminate excessive task orientation, team members should be provided with bonuses for providing decision where the priority is made on a specific task fulfillment, but on the degree to which this task fulfillment contributes to the overall goal accomplishment (Salas et al., 2001). Second, to encourage communication between members, top leaders should engage task that are distribution for more than one person (Salas et al., 2001). As a result, team members will increase the level of goal adherence. Finally, there should a distinguished distribution of roles and responsibilities where each team members should be involved in various level of project accomplishment. This is of particular concern to the necessity to introduce only one position for accomplishing a task.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Team-Based Pay Structures on Team Members’ Performance and Motivation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Equal distribution of members for task accomplishment and goal orientation can solve the problem of extreme task management that is not always beneficial for project management in an organization. In such a manner, it is possible to keep track of the larger picture of event within a group (Salas et al., 2001). There should also be a person who will be responsible for coordinating the process between two groups (Salas et al., 2001). Thus, expending a spectrum of responsibilities and positions can provide the team members with new opportunities for effective project management and group cooperation. References Heneman, R.L. (2008). Strategic Reward Management: Design, Implementation, and Evaluation. US: IAP. Salas, E., Bowers, C. A., Edens, E. (2001). Improving Teamwork in Organizations. US: Taylor Francis. Thompson, L.L. (2011). Making the team: A guide for managers (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc. West, M. A. (2012). Effective Teamwork: Practical Lessons from Organizational Research. US: John Wiley Sons. This essay on Influence of Team-Based Pay Structures on Team Members’ Performance and Motivation was written and submitted by user Artur0 to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Shrouded Christianity essays

Shrouded Christianity essays The Bible is a roadmap that shows how one ought to live their life. It contains the mind of God and gives Christians moral guidelines and examples of which to abide by. Although the oppressors in both Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl written by Harriet Jacobs and Our Nig written by Harriet E. Wilson, claim to be of the Christian faith, there is a disparity between their religious values and how they actually treat their slaves. Jacobs and Wilson show how this hypocrisy leads to physical abuse, limitations, and mental anguish. Both Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl and Our Nig are replete with an insubordination of Christian values and the authors use this to exemplify the wrong doings towards slaves. The word of the Lord says, Whatever you want men to do to you, do also to them.(Matthew 7:12) This scripture, however, was not one of the Christian values that Dr. Flint and Mrs. Flint abided by in Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. Throughout her story, Harriet Jacobs describes the many hardships that Linda Brent went through. Dr. Flint had sworn that he would make me suffer, to my last day...(223). These are not the words that would come out a Christian mouth, for God wants no one to suffer like he had to, until his last day on the cross. Linda Brent also suffered physical abuse in the form of whippings or beatings. Dr. Flint and Mrs. Flint would not impose these types of punishments on their own children, so why was it acceptable to impose them on Linda Brent? It is the double standard that the Flints hold. God views all of his children as equal but the Flints do not share the same views, even though they claim to. Harriet Wilson also includes countless instances of physical abuse in her story about a young girl growing up. The indentured servant, Frado, is forced i ...